Medalia Copley
Medalia Copley este un premiu științific pentru munca în orice domeniu al științei , cel mai important premiu acordat de Royal Society of London . [1] Este, de asemenea, cel mai vechi premiu al Marii Societăți: prima medalie a fost câștigată în 1731 . [2]
Premiul a fost creat datorită unui legat de 100 de lire sterline pentru Royal Society în 1709 de către Sir Godfrey Copley , un bogat proprietar de pământ din Sprotbrough , lângă Doncaster , South Yorkshire , care a fost ales în Societate în 1691 .
Este una dintre cele zece medalii acordate de Societate (unele premii sunt acordate anual, altele sunt acordate la intervale diferite, pe baza regulilor de acordare a premiilor individuale). Medalia Copley alternează între științele fizice și științele biologice , iar câștigătorii sunt selectați de membrii Societății.
Lista câștigătorilor
1730
1731 - Stephen Gray
1732 - Stephen Gray
1733 - Neatribuit
1734 - John Theophilus Desaguliers
1735 - Neatribuit
1736 - John Theophilus Desaguliers
1737 - John Belchier
1738 - James Valoue
1739 - Stephen Hales
1740 - Alexander Stuart
1741 - John Theophilus Desaguliers
1742 - Christopher Middleton
1743 - Abraham Trembley
1744 - Henry Baker
1745 - William Watson
1746 - Benjamin Robins
1747 - Gowin Knight
1748 - James Bradley
1749 - John Harrison
1750
1750 - George Edwards
1751 - John Canton
1752 - John Pringle
1753 - Benjamin Franklin
1754 - William Lewis
1755 - John Huxham
1756 - Neatribuit
1757 - Charles Cavendish
1758 - John Dollond
1759 - John Smeaton
1760 - Benjamin Wilson
1761 - Neatribuit
1762 - Neatribuit
1763 - Neatribuit
1764 - John Canton
1765 - Neatribuit
1766 - William Brownrigg ; Edward Delaval ; Henry Cavendish
1767 - John Ellis
1768 - Peter Woulfe
1769 - William Hewson
1770 - William Hamilton
1771 - Matthew Raper
1772 - Joseph Priestley
1773 - John Walsh
1774 - Neatribuit
1775 - Nevil Maskelyne
1776 - James Cook
1777 - John Mudge
1778 - Charles Hutton
1779 - Neatribuit
1780 - Samuel Vince
1781 - William Herschel
1782 - Richard Kirwan
1783 - John Goodricke ; Thomas Hutchins
1784 - Edward Waring
1785 - William Roy
1786 - Neatribuit
1787 - John Hunter
1788 - Charles Blagden
1789 - William Morgan
1790 - Neatribuit
1791 - James Rennell Rodd ; Jean-André Deluc (John Andrew de Luc)
1792 - Benjamin Thompson , contele de Rumford
1793 - Neatribuit
1794 - Alessandro Volta
1795 - Jesse Ramsden
1796 - George Atwood
1797 - Neatribuit
1798 - George Shuckburgh ; Charles Hatchett
1799 - John Hellins
1800
1800 - Edward Charles Howard
1801 - Astley Cooper
1802 - William Hyde Wollaston
1803 - Richard Chenevix
1804 - Smithson Tennant
1805 - Humphry Davy
1806 - Thomas Andrew Knight
1807 - Everard Home
1808 - William Henry
1809 - Edward Troughton
1810 - Neatribuit
1811 - Benjamin Collins Brodie
1812 - Neatribuit
1813 - William Thomas Brande
1814 - James Ivory
1815 - David Brewster
1816 - Neatribuit
1817 - Henry Kater
1818 - Robert Seppings
1819 - Neatribuit
1820 - Hans Christian Ørsted
1821 - Edward Sabine ; John Herschel
1822 - William Buckland
1823 - John Pond
1824 - John Brinkley
1825 - François Arago ; Peter Barlow
1826 - James South
1827 - William Prout ; Henry Foster
1828 - Neatribuit
1829 - Neatribuit
1830 - Neatribuit
1831 - George Biddell Airy
1832 - Michael Faraday ; Siméon-Denis Poisson
1833 - Neatribuit
1834 - Giovanni Antonio Amedeo Plana
1835 - William Snow Harris
1836 - Jöns Jacob Berzelius ; Francis Kiernan
1837 - Antoine César Becquerel ; John Frederic Daniell
1838 - Carl Friedrich Gauss ; Michael Faraday
1839 - Robert Brown
1840 - Justus von Liebig ; Jacques Charles François Sturm
1841 - Georg Ohm
1842 - James MacCullagh
1843 - Jean Baptiste Dumas
1844 - Carlo Matteucci
1845 - Theodor Schwann
1846 - Urbain Le Verrier
1847 - John Herschel
1848 - John Couch Adams
1849 - Roderick Impey Murchison
1850
1850 - Peter Andreas Hansen
1851 - Richard Owen
1852 - Alexander von Humboldt
1853 - Heinrich Wilhelm Dove
1854 - Johannes Peter Müller
1855 - Léon Foucault
1856 - Henri Milne-Edwards
1857 - Michel Eugène Chevreul
1858 - Charles Lyell
1859 - Wilhelm Eduard Weber
1860 - Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
1861 - Louis Agassiz
1862 - Thomas Graham
1863 - Adam Sedgwick
1864 - Charles Darwin
1865 - Michel Chasles
1866 - Julius Plücker
1867 - Karl Ernst von Baer
1868 - Charles Wheatstone
1869 - Henri Victor Regnault
1870 - James Prescott Joule
1871 - Julius Robert von Mayer
1872 - Friedrich Wöhler
1873 - Hermann Helmholtz
1874 - Louis Pasteur
1875 - August Wilhelm von Hofmann
1876 - Claude Bernard
1877 - James Dwight Dana
1878 - Jean Baptiste Boussingault
1879 - Rudolf Clausius
1880 - James Joseph Sylvester
1881 - Charles-Adolphe Wurtz
1882 - Arthur Cayley
1883 - William Thomson
1884 - Carl Ludwig
1885 - Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz
1886 - Franz Ernst Neumann
1887 - Joseph Dalton Hooker
1888 - Thomas Henry Huxley
1889 - George Salmon
1890 - Simon Newcomb
1891 - Stanislao Cannizzaro
1892 - Rudolf Virchow
1893 - George Gabriel Stokes
1894 - Edward Frankland
1895 - Karl Weierstrass
1896 - Karl Gegenbaur
1897 - Rudolf Albert von Kölliker
1898 - William Huggins
1899 - Lord Rayleigh
1900
1900 - Marcellin Berthelot
1901 - Willard Gibbs
1902 - Joseph Lister
1903 - Eduard Suess
1904 - William Crookes
1905 - Dmitri Mendeleev
1906 - Elias Metchnikoff
1907 - Albert Abraham Michelson
1908 - Alfred Russel Wallace
1909 - George William Hill
1910 - Francis Galton
1911 - George Howard Darwin
1912 - Felix Klein
1913 - Ray Lankester
1914 - Joseph John Thomson
1915 - Ivan Pavlov
1916 - James Dewar
1917 - Emil Roux
1918 - Hendrik Lorentz
1919 - William Bayliss
1920 - Horace Tabberer Brown
1921 - Joseph Larmor
1922 - Ernest Rutherford
1923 - Horace Lamb
1924 - Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
1925 - Albert Einstein
1926 - Frederick Hopkins
1927 - Charles Sherrington
1928 - Charles Algernon Parsons
1929 - Max Planck
1930 - William Henry Bragg
1931 - Arthur Schuster
1932 - George Ellery Hale
1933 - Theobald Smith
1934 - John Scott Haldane
1935 - Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
1936 - Arthur Evans
1937 - Henry Hallett Dale
1938 - Niels Bohr
1939 - Thomas Hunt Morgan
1940 - Paul Langevin
1941 - Thomas Lewis
1942 - Robert Robinson
1943 - Joseph Barcroft
1944 - Geoffrey Ingram Taylor [1]
1945 - Oswald Theodore Avery
1946 - Edgar Douglas Adrian
1947 - Godfrey Harold Hardy
1948 - Archibald Vivian Hill
1949 - George Charles de Hevesy
1950
1950 - James Chadwick
1951 - David Keilin
1952 - Paul Dirac
1953 - Albert Kluyver
1954 - Edmund Taylor Whittaker
1955 - Ronald Fisher
1956 - Patrick Blackett
1957 - Howard Florey
1958 - John Edensor Littlewood
1959 - Frank Macfarlane Burnet
1960 - Harold Jeffreys
1961 - Hans Adolf Krebs
1962 - Cyril Norman Hinshelwood
1963 - Paul Fildes
1964 - Sydney Chapman
1965 - Alan Lloyd Hodgkin
1966 - William Lawrence Bragg
1967 - Bernard Katz
1968 - Tadeusz Reichstein
1969 - Peter Medawar
1970 - Alexander Todd
1971 - Norman Pirie
1972 - Nevill Mott
1973 - Andrew Huxley
1974 - William Vallance Douglas Hodge
1975 - Francis Crick
1976 - Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin
1977 - Frederick Sanger
1978 - Robert Burns Woodward
1979 - Max Perutz
1980 - Derek Harold Richard Barton
1981 - Peter Mitchell
1982 - John Cornforth
1983 - Rodney Porter
1984 - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
1985 - Aaron Klug
1986 - Rudolf Peierls
1987 - Robert Hill
1988 - Michael Francis Atiyah
1989 - César Milstein
1990 - Abdus Salam
1991 - Sydney Brenner
1992 - George Porter
1993 - James D. Watson
1994 - Charles Frank
1995 - Frank Fenner
1996 - Alan Cottrell
1997 - Hugh Huxley
1998 - James Lighthill
1999 - John Maynard Smith
2000
2000 - Alan Battersby
2001 - Jacques Miller
2002 - John Pople
2003 - John Gurdon
2004 - Harold Kroto
2005 - Paul Nurse
2006 - Stephen Hawking
2007 - Lord Robert May
2008 - Sir Roger Penrose
2009 - Martin Evans
2010 - David Cox și Tomas Lindahl
2011 - Dan McKenzie
2012 - John Ernest Walker
2013 - Andrej Gejm
2014 - Alec Jeffreys
2015 - Peter Higgs
2016 - Richard Henderson
2017 - Andrew Wiles
2018 - Jeffrey I. Gordon
2019 - John B. Goodenough
2020 - Alan Fersht
Notă
- ^ ( RN ) Copley arhiva câștigători 1799 - 1731 , pe royalsociety.org . Adus la 15 iunie 2020 (arhivat din original la 11 ianuarie 2008) .
- ^ (EN) Medalia Copley (1731) , pe royalsociety.org. Adus la 14 iunie 2020 (arhivat din original la 15 decembrie 2005) .
Elemente conexe
- Societatea Regală
- Medalia Rumford
- Medalia Regală
- Medalia Davy
- Medalia Darwin
- Medalia Buchanan
- Medalia Hughes
linkuri externe
- ( EN ) Medalia Copley pe site-ul Royal Society la royalsociety.org . Adus la 6 martie 2012 .
Controlul autorității | GND ( DE ) 7576879-3 |
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